宿迁3次突发性空气重污染过程对比分析

利用空气质量资料、常规观测资料、NCEP1.0°×1.0°再分析资料，应用数理统计、天气学等方法对宿迁市3次突发性重污染天气进行对比分析.结果表明：①宿迁"突发"空气重污染时，AQI级别由前一日的一、二级至第2日转为五级以上，AQI值迅速上升.②3次空气重污染过程天气背景相似，高层为宽广平直的偏西气流，地面受高压控制，中低层风向和温度平流突然转变，且都有深厚的逆温层结；持续变化较小的气压梯度、较低风速、温度日较差及相对湿度的增大（150328过程（即2015年3月28日—4月1日污染过程）除外）为颗粒物浓度迅速增长提供了条件.③大气稳定度级别迅速变高和混合层高度迅速降低并维持，对污染物快速聚集有显著影响.④物理量诊断表明，污染发生前期上空为弱上升运动，随后迅速转为下沉运动，或气流下沉运动区域迅速扩大、升高，是空气质量迅速转差的重要动力因素.⑤内蒙古地区的沙尘远距离输送形成的污染，是造成150328过程与另外两次过程明显不同的主要原因.     

Total nitrogen and community turnover determine phosphorus use efficiency of phytoplankton along nutrient gradients in plateau lakes

Numerous studies support that biodiversity predict most to ecosystem functioning, but whether other factors display a more significant direct impact on ecosystem functioning than biodiversity remains to be studied. We investigated 398 samples of the phytoplankton phosphorus resource use efficiency (RUE_P = chlorophyll-a concentration/dissolved phosphate) across two seasons in nine plateau lakes in Yunnan Province, China. We identified the main contributors to phytoplankton RUE_P and analyzed their potential influences on RUE_P at different lake trophic states. The results showed that total nitrogen (TN) contributed the most to RUE_P among the nine lakes, whereas community turnover (measured as community dissimilarity) explained the most to RUE_P variation across the two seasons. Moreover, TN also influenced RUE_P by affecting biodiversity. Species richness (SR), functional attribute diversity (FAD2), and dendrogram-based functional diversity (FDc) were positively correlated with RUE_P in both seasons, while evenness was negatively correlated with RUE_P at the end of the rainy season. We also found that the effects of biodiversity and turnover on RUE_P depended on the lake trophic states. SR and FAD2 were positively correlated with RUE_P in all three trophic states. Evenness showed a negative correlation with RUE_P at the eutrophic and oligotrophic levels, but a positive correlation at the mesotrophic level. Turnover had a negative influence on RUE_P at the eutrophic level, but a positive influence at the mesotrophic and oligotrophic levels. Overall, our results suggested that multiple factors and nutrient states need to be considered when the ecosystem functioning predictors and the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships are investigated.     

基塘水产养殖对水域氮磷的影响

基塘系统是一种相对封闭的人工生态系统，其鱼塘子系统中的营养盐－氮、磷既是鱼类生长的必需元素，又是水体中的限制性元素。氮、磷的变化受塘中水生生物活动（如光合作用、呼吸、排泄）、鱼类粪便、饲料投加、底泥等的影响，文中对基塘中氮磷的变化及影响因子进行探讨。     

总氮、总磷联合测定方法的改进

采用钼锑分光光度法测定总氮,考察了在提高温度的条件下,缩短消解时间对测定结果的影响。试验结果表明,调节氢氧化钠和过硫酸钾的用量,在同一溶液内测定总氮、总磷,并且将测定条件改为126～128℃,消解10min,其测定结果和与标准方法对照,精密度及准确度均令人满意。     

Optimization of harmonious development on regional energy-economy-atmospheric environment system

Ｏｐｔｉｍｉｚａｔｉｏｎｏｆｈａｒｍｏｎｉｏｕｓｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｎｒｅｇｉｏｎａｌｅｎｅｒｇｙ－ｅｃｏｎｏｍｙ－ａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｓｙｓｔｅｍ￥ＮｉｎｇＤａｔｏｎｇ，ＷａｎｇＬｅｉ（ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＲｅａｌＥｓｔａｔｅ...     

The buffering effects of aquatic sediments against acidic deposition

ＴｈｅｂｕｆｆｅｒｉｎｇｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆａｑｕａｔｉｃｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｓａｇａｉｎｓｔａｃｉｄｉｃｄｅｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎＬｉａｏＢｏｈａｎ；ＴａｎｇＨｏｎｇｘｉａｏ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｅｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏ－ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ...     

兖州矿区基地大气环境质量状况浅析

根据兖州矿区基地近6年的大气监测资料,对区域性大气质量状况进行了分析,并提出了改善大气质量的四条措施。     

南、黄海及青岛地区大气气溶胶中无机氮组分的研究

于2004年冬季在青岛地区采集了大气气溶胶TSP(总悬浮颗粒物)样品,并于2005年3月和5月航次采集了黄、南海TSP和安德森分级样品,分析了气溶胶中无机氮组分(NO2-、NH4 、NO3-)的浓度,探讨了相应区域大气颗粒物中各种无机氮离子的区域分布、粒级分布.青岛地区冬季TSP的月平均值为102.00～227.00 μg·m-3;黄海TSP浓度为80.00～130.00 μg·m-3,低于青岛地区;南海TSP浓度最低,在30.167μg·m-3以下.NH4 -N是南、黄海及青岛地区大气气溶胶中主要的无机氮组分,占到总无机氮含量的53.14%～94.72%;其次是NO3--N,占到总无机氮含量的4.75%～46.64%;NO2--N对无机氮的干沉降贡献很小,仅占不到0.54%.NO3--N的粒径范围较宽,多数呈现双峰分布,峰值出现在4.7～7.0 μm和2.1～3.3 μm范围内;NH4 -N的粒径分布范围较窄,主要集中于1.1μm以下的细粒子范围内;NO2--N性质不稳定,其分布比较复杂.近年来,汽车尾气排放量的增大增加了青岛地区大气气溶胶中NO3--N的含量.     

大气腐蚀起始过程中的微液滴现象研究

微液滴现象是一种新发现的实验现象,当易被腐蚀的金属表面上预先形成有腐蚀性主液滴时,在合适的条件下,主液滴的周围有更小的微液滴出现并不断扩展.微液滴的形成和扩展遵循一定的规律,并与大气腐蚀起始过程密切相关.电化学极化结果显示,大气腐蚀过程中的腐蚀电流是微液滴形成和发展的推动力.     

Effect of long-term fertilization on soil nitrate distribution

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＦｅｒｔｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎｉｓｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌｆｏｒａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ ,ｂｕｔｕｎｒｅａｓｏｎａｂｌｙａｐｐｌｙｉｎｇｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚｅｒｓｃｏｕｌｄｒｅｓｕｌｔｉｎｓｅｒｉｅｓｏｆｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓｓｕｃｈａｓｃｒｏｐｑｕａｌｉｔｙｄｅｃｌｉｎｅ,ｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚｅｒｕｓｅｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅ,ｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚｅｒｓｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｎｄｗａｔｅｒａｎｄｒｉｖｅｒｓａｎｄｎｉｔｒｏｇｅｎｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｅｄ …